Mobilizing through Words: A Discursive-Pragmatic Analysis of Anti-Epidemic Slogans in Contemporary Chinese Media
Abstract
This paper investigates anti-pandemic slogans as institutional discourse in Chinese official and semi-official media during the COVID-19 crisis. These slogans, circulating across traditional and digital platforms, served not only as tools for health communication but also as vehicles of ideological alignment and social mobilization.
Adopting approaches from critical discourse analysis, pragmatics, and sociolinguistics, this study analyses how these slogans construct meaning, reinforce political legitimacy, and shape public behaviour. The study identifies three key strategies: lexical innovation (new lexical blends), the idiomatic recontextualization (flexible use of chengyu), and the use of imperative syntactic structures. This study contributes to the understanding of how language operates as a mode of governance and ideological disseminatiod: based on a corpus of 300+ slogans, collected from Chinese social media platforms, the analysis reveals how linguistic creativity responded to mobilize during an evolving emergency and reinforced state narratives. Ultimately, this article highlights the relevance of discourse-based approaches in analysing contemporary Chinese media and illustrates how language shapes perceptions, behaviour, and collective memory in times of crisis.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFUsage metrics (updated daily, overnight Central European Time)
Article pageviews (filtered): 86
PDF full-text accesses (filtered): 12
References
Baroni, Marco, and Silvia Bernardini. 2004. "BootCaT: Bootstrapping Corpora and Terms from the Web". In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'04), edited by Maria Teresa Lino, Maria Francisca Xavier, Fátima Ferreira, Rute Costa, and Raquel Silva. Lisbon: European Language Resources Association (ELRA).
https://doi.org/10.63317/2wo3g74qniup
Barsalou, Lawrence W. 1983. "Ad hoc Categories". Memory & Cognition 11 (3): 211-227.
https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03196968
Bat-El, Outi. 2006. "Blends". In Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, edited by Keith Brown, 66-70. Oxford: Elsevier.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00109-7
Bauer, Laurie, Rochelle Lieber, and Ingo Plag. 2013. The Oxford Reference Guide to English Morphology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198747062.001.0001
Bulfoni, Clara. 2004. "Neologismi della lingua cinese moderna mutuati da parole straniere: calchi semantici e prestiti fonetici". In Lingua, mediazione linguistica e interferenza, a cura di Giuliana Garzone e Anna Cardinaletti, 335-347. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
Cacchiani, Silvia. 2016. "On Italian Lexical Blends: Borrowings, Hybridity, Adaptations, and Native Word Formations". In Crossing Languages to Play with Words: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, edited by Sebastian Knospe, Alexander Onysko, and Maik Goth, 305-336. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110465600-015
Caccin, Daniele. 2023. "L'altro senso dei chengyu". In Margins and Forgotten Places. Proceedings of the Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Conference (Verona, May 17-19, 2021), edited by Sara Fontana, Elena Mattei, Paola Peratello, Fabio Ramasso, and Stefano Ambrosini, 165-178. Alessandria: Edizioni dell'Orso.
Carston, Robyn. 2002. Thoughts and Utterances: The Pragmatics of Explicit Communication. Oxford: Blackwell.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470754603
Chen, Qinghan 陈庆汉. 2006. "Lun guanggao yuyan changzuo dui chengyu de chaochanggui yunyong 论广告语言创作对成语的超常规运用" [Non-standard uses of chengyu in advertising language]. Journal of Changshu Institute of Technology 常熟理工学院学报 5: 71-74.
Conti, Sergio. 2015. "La formulaicità in cinese: tassonomie, funzioni e implicazioni per la didattica". In Associazione Italiana di Studi Cinesi (AISC), Atti del XV convegno (Macerata, 24-26 settembre 2015), a cura di Tommaso Pellin e Giorgio Trentin, 50-61. Venezia: Libreria Editrice Cafoscarina.
Drouin, Patrick. 2003. "Term Extraction Using Non-Technical Corpora as a Point of Leverage". Terminology 9 (1): 99-117. [20/12/2025].
https://doi.org/10.1075/term.9.1.06dro
http://termostat.ling.umontreal.ca/
Fairclough, Norman. 1995. Critical Discourse Analysis. London: Longman.
Hamans, Camiel. 2021. "A Lesson for Covidiots: About Some Contact Induced Borrowing of American English Morphological Processes into Dutch". Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 56 (1): 659-691.
https://doi.org/10.2478/stap-2021-0009
Huang, Liling 黄丽玲. 2020. "Zhongguo yiqing guanli shuzihua: xitong shulou yu qinfan yinsi yin youlü 中国疫情管理数字化:系统疏漏与侵犯隐私引忧虑" [China's digital pandemic management: system flaws and privacy concerns raise anxiety]. Voice of America, February 28.
Konieczna, Ewa. 2012. "Lexical Blending in Polish: A Result of the Internationalization of Slavic Languages". In Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Lexical Blending, edited by Vincent Renner, François Maniez, and Pierre Arnaud, 51-73. Berlin - Boston (MA): De Gruyter Mouton.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110289572.51
Lams, Lutgard, Rui Zhang, and Emma Lupano (eds.). 2025. Meaning Generation in Chinese Official Media Discourse. London: Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003454069
Liang, Yinhui 梁银辉, and Ren Xiaozhen 任孝珍. 2006. "Tan chengyu de huoyong 谈成语的活用" [On the flexible use of chengyu]. Yuwen xuekan 语文学刊 4: 98-99.
Luo, Shiyi 罗诗逸, and Jiaxin Shang 商佳欣. 2021."从'抗疫标语'看疫情时代下的语言变化与社会变化的具体互动关系" [The interactive relationship between language and social change in the era of epidemic from the perspective of 'anti-epidemic slogan']. Modern Linguistics 9 (4).
Masini, Federico. 2000. Recensione di "Chengyu. Gocce di saggezza. Antichi detti cinesi e le loro origini, a cura di Li Guangwen e Federico Prete. Firenze: M.I.R. Edizioni, 1999". Mondo cinese 103: 84-88.
Mattiello, Elisa. 2019. "A Corpus-Based Analysis of New English Blends". Lexis. Journal in English Lexicology 14.
https://doi.org/10.4000/lexis.3660
Niculescu-Gorpin, Anabella-Gloria. 2022. "Understanding Nonce Lexical Blends Requires (Common) Background Knowledge: A Romanian Case Study". Presentation at The 7th Conference on Theoretical and Applied Linguistics Structure, Use, and Meaning: Language and Dialogue from an Intercultural Perspective (Transylvania University of Brașov, Romania, September 15-17, 2022).
Ralli, Angela, and George Xydopoulos. 2012. "Blend Formation in Modern Greek". In Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives on Lexical Blending, edited by Vincent Renner, François Maniez, and Pierre J.L. Arnaud, 35-50. Berlin - Boston (MA): De Gruyter Mouton.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110289572.35
Sablayrolles, Jean-François. 2003. "Le sentiment néologique". Dans L'innovation lexicale, édité par Jean-François Sablayrolles, 279-295. Paris: Honoré Champion.
Sablayrolles, Jean-François. 2019. Comprendre la néologie. Conceptions, analyses, emplois. Limoges: Lambert Lucas.
Sapir, Edward. 1929. "The Status of Linguistics as a Science". Language 5 (4): 207-214.
https://doi.org/10.2307/409588
Sperber, Dan, and Deirdre Wilson. 1995. Relevance: Communication and Cognition. 2nd ed. Oxford - Cambridge (MA): Blackwell.
van Dijk, Teun A. 2001. "Critical Discourse Analysis". In Handbook of Discourse Analysis, edited by Deborah Schiffrin, Deborah Tannen, and Heidi Hamilton, 352-371. Oxford: Blackwell.
Vasileanu, Monica, and Anabella-Gloria Niculescu-Gorpin. 2022. "Lexical Blending in Present-Day Romanian: A Corpus-Based Study". Revue Roumaine de Linguistique 67 (4): 363-376.
Yuan, Huiyan 原慧艳. 2020. "Kangji yiqing 'yinghe' biaoyu de yuyan yishu 抗击疫情'硬核'标语的语言艺术" [The linguistic art of 'hardcore' anti-epidemic slogans]. Yuwen Shenghuo 语文生活 4: 70-73.
Zhang, Shuang 张爽. 2015. "Hanyu xin ciyu zhong de 'wangluo chengyu' chutan 汉语新词语中的'网络成语'初探" [Preliminary investigation of the 'chengyu of the web' among the neologisms of Chinese]. Ability and Wisdom 才智 1: 325.
Zhang, Yixuan 张艺璇. 2020. "Guonei kangji yiqing xuanchuan biaoyu de yuyan renzhi yanjiu 国内抗击疫情宣传标语的语言认知研究" [A cognitive linguistic study of domestic anti-pandemic slogans]. Zhongguo Duomeiti yu Wangluo Jiaoxue Xuebao 中国多媒体与网络教学学报 5: 244-246.
Zhou, Jian 周健. 1998. "Chengyu guifan wenti tanlüe 成语规范谈略" [Discussion on the problem of the standard of the chengyu]. Hanyu xuexi 汉语学习 6: 59-62.
Zhou, Xin 周欣. 2012. "Chengyu huoyong xianxiang fenxi 成语活用现象分析" [Analysis of the phenomenon of the flexible use of chengyu]. Yuwen xuekan 语文学刊 1: 39-40.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7358/lcm-2025-002-cacd
Copyright (©) 2026 Daniele Caccin – Editorial format and Graphical layout: copyright (©) LED Edizioni Universitarie

This work is published on this website under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Announcements
Deadline for papers submission: March 30th, 2026
Request for revision following peer review: by April 30th, 2026
Final version due: by May 15th 2026
Publication: by end of June 2026
Deadline for papers submission: 30 June 2026
Request for revision following peer review: by 20 September 2026
Final version due: by 15 October 2026
Publication: by end of December 2026
Lingue Culture Mediazioni - Languages Cultures Mediation
Registered by Tribunale di Milano (27/11/2013 n. 380)
Online ISSN 2421-0293 - Print ISSN 2284-1881
Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature, Culture e Mediazioni
Università degli Studi di Milano
Editors-in-Chief: Paola Catenaccio (Università degli Studi di Milano) - Giuliana Garzone (IULM, Milano)
Editorial Board: Marina Brambilla (Università degli Studi di Milano) - Giovanni Garofalo (Università degli Studi di Bergamo) - Dino Gavinelli (Università degli Studi di Milano) - Antonella Ghersetti (Università di Venezia Ca’ Foscari) - Maria Grazia Guido (Università del Salento) - Elena Liverani (IULM, Milano) - Stefania Maci (Università degli Studi di Bergamo) - Andrea Maurizi (Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca) - Chiara Molinari (Università degli Studi di Milano) - Stefano Ondelli (Università degli Studi di Trieste) - Davide Papotti (Università degli Studi di Parma) - Francesca Santulli (Università di Venezia Ca’ Foscari) - Girolamo Tessuto (Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli) - Giovanni Turchetta (Università degli Studi di Milano) - Stefano Vicari (Università degli Studi di Genova)
International Scientific Committee: James Archibald (Università degli Studi di Torino) - Natalija G. Bragina (Institut Russkogo Jazyka im. A.S. Puškina; RSUH, Mosca) - Kristen Brustad (University of Texas at Austin) - Luciano Curreri (University of Liège) - Hugo de Burgh (University of Westminster) - Giuditta Caliendo (Université de Lille) - Giorgio Fabio Colombo (Università di Venezia Ca' Foscari) - Daniel Dejica (Universitatea Politehnica Timisoara) - Anna De Fina (Georgetown University, USA) - Claudio Di Meola, (Sapienza Università di Roma) - Lawrence Grossberg (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) - Stephen Gundle (University of Warwick) - Décio de Alencar Guzmán (Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brasile) - Matthias Heinz (Universität Salzburg) - Rosina Márquez-Reiter (The Open University) - John McLeod (University of Leeds) - Estrella Montolío Durán (Universitat de Barcelona) - M'bare N'gom (Morgan State University, Baltimore) - Daragh O'Connell (Cork University) - Roberto Perin (York University, Toronto) - Giovanni Rovere (Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg) - Lara Ryazanova-Clarke (University of Edinburgh) - Françoise Sabban (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris) - Kirk St.Amant (Louisiana Tech University, University of Limerick/University of Strasbourg) - Paul Sambre (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) - Srikant Sarangi (Aalborg University) - Junji Tsuchiya (Waseda University, Tokyo) - Xu Shi (Zhejiang University)
Section Managers: Maria Matilde Benzoni, Università degli Studi di Milano (Modern history) - Paola Cotta Ramusino, Università degli Studi di Milano (Russian linguistics and translation) - Mario de Benedittis, Università degli Studi di Milano (Sociology) - Kim Grego Università degli Studi di Milano (English linguistics and translation) - Giovanna Mapelli, Università degli Studi di Milano (Spanish linguistics and translation) - Bettina Mottura, University of Milan (Chinese studies) - Mauro Giacomo Novelli, Università degli Studi di Milano (Contemporary Italian literature and culture) - Letizia Osti, Università degli Studi di Milano (Arab studies) - Maria Cristina Paganoni, Università degli Studi di Milano (English linguistics and translation) - Giuseppe Sergio, Università degli Studi di Milano (Italian linguistics) - Virginia Sica, Università degli Studi di Milano (Japanese studies)
© 2001-2026 LED Edizioni Universitarie di Lettere Economia Diritto





