Le necessità di anticipazione dei fabbisogni professionali e formativi nel settore turismo. Un percorso sperimentale

Abstract

This article deals with the problem of the prediction of the professional competences required by the tourism sector in the medium-range. A scenario has been constructed for this which, besides leading to a precise definition of new competences, has drawn attention to the fact that there will be a widespread and generalised increase in the quality of the professional services requested of sector workers. Taking for granted that the technical gestures of the professions (waiting on tables, issuing a ticket, making a reservation, etc.) must in any event be at the highest level, what will make the difference in the future between a «good job» and an «excellent job» will be the workers’ ability to be autonomous in decision-making and in handling work processes. Although professional roles will naturally continue to exist in which the merely executive part of tasks will be preponderate, in different ways and with different in-depth levels, the evolution is generalised upward and directed toward the ability to interpret processes and mediate among various subjects with regard to the particular situations. This process has already begun and will shape the contents of the professions directly or indirectly connected to the sector. The construction of the scenario was based on considerations of the induced effects of six drivers considered important for Italian tourism in the next few years and, for each of these, within each micro-factor of the provisional framework, the vertical and transversal competences have been articulated whose demand will be activated by the action of the individual elements. For clarity those competences that belong principally to the professional units («Unità Professionali» – UP) that can be brought directly back to the tourism sector have been defined as vertical, and transversal those which, besides having an effect on the typical professional figures of the sector, because of the relations of tourism with the other economic sectors, can be requested even of external Professional Units and of other operational environments. Naturally verticality and transversality are not evaluations of the strategic level of competences, but merely a measure of the areas of diffusion, inside and outside the sector.