Email this article Forme di integrazione dei non cittadini nella comunità civica ateniese di età classica e il caso dei trierarchi
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Forms of integration of non-citizens into the Athenian civic community in classical times and the case of trierarchs
This article examines instances of access by non-citizens to roles and privileges that were – at least in principle – reserved for citizens, as they may be identified in the literary and epigraphic record of classical Athens. These cases reveal a degree of permeability of the boundary between citizens and non-citizens, and can be seen as a way in which the Athenian polis favoured the integration of non-citizens into its civic community. Within this context, the article focuses on access to trierarchy as a form of inclusion of non-politai into the Athenian citizen body.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFUsage metrics (updated daily, overnight Central European Time)
Article pageviews (filtered): 179
PDF full-text accesses (filtered): 23
References
Adak 2003
M. Adak, Metöken als Wohltäter Athens. Untersuchungen zum sozialen Austausch zwischen ortsanssässigen Fremden und der Bürgergemeinde in klassischer und hellenistischer Zeit (ca. 500-150 v. Chr.), München 2003.
Akrigg 2015
B. Akrigg, Metics in Athens, in C. Taylor - K. Vlassopoulos (eds.), Communities and Networks in the Ancient Greek World, Oxford 2015, 155-173.
Bakewell 1999
G. Bakewell, Lysias 12 and Lysias 31: Metics and Athenian Citizenship in the Aftermath of the Thirty, GRBS 40 (1999), 5-22.
Bearzot 2004
C. Bearzot, Né cittadini né stranieri: apeleutheroi e nothoi in Atene, in S. Cataldi (a cura di), Poleis e politeiai: esperienze politiche, tradizioni letterarie, progetti costituzionali. Atti del Convegno nazionale di storia greca (Torino, 29 maggio - 31 maggio 2002), Alessandria 2004, 77-92.
Billows 1990
R.A. Billows, Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State, Berkeley 1990.
Blok 2009
J. Blok, Perikles’ Citizenship Law: A New Perspective, Historia 58.2 (2009), 141-170.
Blok 2017
J. Blok, Citizenship in Classical Athens, Cambridge 2017.
Brun 2005
P. Brun, Les Siphniens au delà des mers, in Πρακτικά Β´ Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού Συμποσίου (Σίφνος, 27-30 Ιουνίου 2002), Αθήνα 2005, 271-280.
Canevaro 2016
M. Canevaro, Demostene. Contro Leptine. Introduzione, traduzione e commento storico, Berlin - Boston 2016.
Canevaro - Lewis 2014
M. Canevaro - D. Lewis, Khoris Oikountes and the Obligations of Freedmen in Late Classical and Early Hellenistic Athens, IncidAnt 12 (2014), 91-121.
Cantarella 1997
E. Cantarella, Filiazione legittima e cittadinanza, in G. Thür - J. Vélissaropoulos-Karakostas (hrsgg.), Symposion 1995. Vorträge zur griechischen und hellenistischen Rechtsgeschichte (Korfu, 1.-5. September 1995), Köln 1997, 97-111.
Capano 2012
A. Capano, Le Simmorie di Demostene: la trierarchia tra imposta e liturgia, Historiká 2 (2012), 157-170.
Capuccino 2005
C. Capuccino, Filosofi e rapsodi. Testo, traduzione e commento dello Ione platonico, Bologna 2005.
Carusi 2025
C. Carusi, Soci in affari: κοινωνίαι e κοινωνοί nell’Atene di età classica, Erga-Logoi 13 (2025), 25-67.
Clark 1990
M. Clark, The Date of IG II2 1604, BSA 85 (1990), 47-67.
Clerc 1893
M. Clerc, Les métèques athéniens: étude sur la condition légale, la situation morale et le rôle social et économique des étrangers domiciliés à Athènes, Paris 1893.
Cohen 2000
E.E. Cohen, The Athenian Nation, Princeton 2000.
Crosby 1950
M. Crosby, The Leases of the Laureion Mines, Hesperia 19 (1950), 189-297.
Csapo - Wilson 2020
E. Csapo - P. Wilson, A Social and Economic History of the Theatre to 300 BC, Vol. II: Theatre beyond Athens, Cambridge 2020.
Davies 1967
J.K. Davies, Demosthenes on Liturgies: A Note, JHS 87 (1967), 33-40.
Davies 1971
J.K. Davies, Athenian Propertied Families, 600-300 B.C., Oxford 1971.
Deene 2014
M. Deene, Let’s Work Together! Economic Cooperation, Social Capital, and Chances of Social Mobility in Classical Athens, G&R 61 (2014), 152-173.
De Martinis 2018
L. De Martinis, I meteci nell’esercito ateniese di IV secolo. A proposito di due proposte senofontee, Hormos n.s. 10 (2018), 36-62.
Demetriou 2012
D. Demetriou, Negotiating Identity in the Ancient Mediterranean: The Archaic and Classical Greek Multiethnic Emporia, Cambridge 2012.
Donatelli 2023
C. Donatelli, Il diritto ai νοθεῖα di Eracle negli Uccelli di Aristofane, in L. Bravi - U. Bultrighini - C. Catenacci (a cura di), Il teatro greco. Strutture, società, eredità. Atti del Convegno (Chieti, 15-18 marzo 2022), Pisa - Roma 2023, 249-267.
Finley 1973
M.I. Finley, The Ancient Economy, London 1973.
Futo Kennedy 2014
R. Futo Kennedy, Immigrant Women in Athens: Gender, Ethnicity, and Citizenship in the Classical City, New York - London 2014.
Gabrielsen 1994
V. Gabrielsen, Financing the Athenian Fleet: Public Taxation and Social Relations, Baltimore - London 1994.
Gabrielsen 2014
V. Gabrielsen, The Piraeus and the Athenian Navy: Recent Archaeological and Historical Advances, Proceedings of the Danish Institute at Athens 8 (2014), 37-48.
Gauthier 1972
Ph. Gauthier, Symbola: les étrangers et la justice dans les cités grecques, Nancy 1972.
Gschnitzer 1997
F. Gschnitzer, Abitanti senza diritto di cittadinanza, non liberi e stranieri, in S. Settis (a cura di), I Greci: storia, cultura, arte, società. Una storia greca: definizione (VI-IV secolo a. C.), Vol. 2.II, Torino 1997, 403-411.
Guicharrousse 2022
R. Guicharrousse, Athènes en partage: les étrangers au sein de la cité (Ve-IIIe siècle avant notre ère), Paris 2022.
Hansen 1991
M.H. Hansen, The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes: Structure, Principles, and Ideology, Oxford 1991.
Harris 2008
E.M. Harris, Demosthenes, Speeches 20-22, Austin 2008.
Harrison 1968
A.R.W. Harrison, The Law of Athens, Oxford 1968.
Henry 1983
A.S. Henry, Honours and Privileges in Athenian Decrees, Hildesheim 1983.
Hölkeskamp 1997
K.-J. Hölkeskamp, La guerra e la pace, in S. Settis (a cura di), I Greci: storia, cultura, arte, società. Una storia greca: definizione (VI-IV secolo a.C.), Vol. 2.II, Torino 1997, 481-539.
Hopper 1953
R.J. Hopper, The Attic Silver Mines in the Fourth Century B.C., BSA 48 (1953), 200-254.
Humphreys 2018
S.C. Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, Oxford - New York 2018.
Ismard 2015
P. Ismard, La démocratie contre les experts: les esclaves publics en Grèce ancienne, Paris 2015.
Ismard 2019
P. Ismard, La cité et ses esclaves. Institution, fictions, expériences, Paris 2019.
Jordan 1975
B. Jordan, The Athenian Navy in the Classical Period: A Study of Athenian Naval Administration and Military Organization in the Fifth and Fourth Centuries B.C., Berkeley 1975.
Jordan 2001
B. Jordan, Metic Trierarchs, AHB 15 (2001), 131-134.
Kamen 2011
D. Kamen, Reconsidering the Status of Khoris Oikountes, Dike 14 (2011), 44-53.
Kamen 2013
D. Kamen, Status in Classical Athens, Princeton 2013.
Liddel 2007
P. Liddel, Civic Obligation and Individual Liberty in Ancient Athens, Oxford 2007.
Loddo 2018
L. Loddo, La legge ateniese sull’interdizione degli stranieri dal mercato: da Solone ad Aristofonte di Azenia, Klio 100.3 (2018), 667-687.
Luppa 2023
F. Luppa, Die ansässigen Fremden im klassischen Athen, Stuttgart 2023.
MacDowell 1976
D.M. MacDowell, Bastards as Athenian Citizens, CQ 26 (1976), 88-91.
MacDowell 1978
D.M. MacDowell, The Law in Classical Athens, London 1978.
MacDowell 1990
D.M. MacDowell, Demosthenes. Against Meidias: Oration 21, Oxford 1990.
Maffi 1973
A. Maffi, Στρατεύεσθαι μετὰ Ἀθηναίων: contributo allo studio dell’isoteleia, RIL 107 (1973), 939-964.
Matthaiou 2000
A.P. Matthaiou, Αττικό ψήφισμα πρός τιμήν Πολυπείθου Σιφνίου, in Πρακτικά Α´ Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού Συμποσίου (Σίφνος, 25-28 Ιουνίου 1998), Αθήνα 2000, 239-248.
Matthaiou 2025
A.P. Matthaiou, Παρατηρήσεις εἰς ἐκδεδομένα Ἀττικὰ ψηφίσματα (18ο τεῦχος), ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙΟΝ 14 (2025), 21-28.
Medda 1991
E. Medda, Lisia. Orazioni (I-XV), Milano 1991.
Meyer 2010
E. Meyer, Metics and the Athenian Phialai-Inscriptions, Stuttgart 2010.
Migeotte 1992
L. Migeotte, Les souscriptions publiques dans les cités grecques, Genève 1992.
Migeotte 2014
L. Migeotte, Les finances des cités grecques, Paris 2014.
Morales 2022
F.A. Morales, Metics, Slaves and Citizens in Classical Athens. Rethinking the Polis from Below, in C. Courrier - J.C. Magalhães De Oliveira (eds.), Ancient History from Below: Subaltern Experiences and Actions in Context, Oxford - New York 2022, 195-215.
Morrison 1987
J.S. Morrison, Athenian Sea-Power in 323/2 BC: Dream and Reality, JHS 107 (1987), 88-97.
Németh 2001
G. Németh, Metics in Athens, AAntHung 41.3-4 (2001), 331-348.
Niku 2007
M. Niku, The Official Status of the Foreign Residents in Athens, 322-120 B.C., Helsinki 2007.
O’ Halloran 2018
B. O’ Halloran, The Political Economy of Classical Athens: A Naval Perspective, Leiden - Boston 2018.
Ogden 1996
D. Ogden, Greek Bastardy in the Classical and Hellenistic Periods, Oxford 1996.
Osborne 1981
M.J. Osborne, Entertainment in the Prytaneion at Athens, ZPE 41 (1981), 153-170.
Osborne 1982
M.J. Osborne, Naturalization in Athens, Vol. 2, Bruxelles 1982.
Osborne 1983
M.J. Osborne, Naturalization in Athens, Vol. 3, Bruxelles 1983.
Osborne - Rhodes 2017
R. Osborne - P.J. Rhodes, Greek Historical Inscriptions, 478-404 BC, Oxford 2017.
Papazarkadas 2011
N. Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens, Oxford 2011.
Paschidis 2008
P. Paschidis, Between City and King: Prosopographical Studies on the Intermediaries between the Cities of the Greek Mainland and the Aegean and the Royal Courts in the Hellenistic Period (322-190 BC), Athens 2008.
Patterson 2000
C. Patterson, The Hospitality of Athenian Justice: The Metic in Court, in V. Hunter - J. Edmonson (eds.), Law and Social Status in Classical Athens, Oxford 2000, 93-112.
Patterson 2007
C. Patterson, Other Sorts: Slaves, Foreigners, and Women in Periclean Athens, in L.J. Samons II (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Pericles, Cambridge 2007, 153-178.
Pečírka 1966
J. Pečírka, The Formula for the Grant of Enktesis in Attic Inscriptions, Prague 1966.
Pischedda 2022
E. Pischedda, L’economia pubblica di Atene. Stato, finanze e società nel IV secolo a.C., Roma 2022.
Rhodes 1972
P.J. Rhodes, The Athenian Boule, Oxford 1972.
Rhodes 1984
P.J. Rhodes, [Ξένια] and [δεῖπνον] in the Prytaneum, ZPE 57 (1984), 193-199.
Russo 2000
G. Russo, Contro Midia, sul pugno, in L. Canfora (a cura di), Demostene. Discorsi in tribunale, Vol. II, Torino 2000.
Rutishauser 2019
B. Rutishauser, The Wealth of Metics and Athenian Naval Power, in T. Figueira - S. Jensen (eds.), Hegemonic Finances: Funding Athenian Domination in the 5th and 4th Centuries BC, Swansea 2019, 233-258.
Shear 2021
J.L. Shear, Serving Athena: The Festival of the Panathenaia and the Construction of Athenian Identities, Cambridge - New York 2021.
Sinclair 1988
R.K. Sinclair, Democracy and Participation in Athens, Cambridge 1988.
Themos 2007
A.A. Themos, Τιμές για τους μέτοικους Νίκανδρο Αντιφάνους Ιλιέα και Πολύζηλο Απολλοφάνους Εφέσιο (302/1 π.Χ.), in M. Lagogianni-Georgakarakos - K. Buraselis (επιμ.), Ἔδοξεν τῇ βουλῇ καὶ τῷ δήμῳ. Η αθηναϊκή δημοκρατία μιλάει με τις επιγραφές της. Kατάλογος έκθεσης, Aθήνα 2007, 116-119.
Todd 1993
S.C. Todd, The Shape of Athenian Law, Oxford 1993.
Tracy 2003
S.V. Tracy, Athens and Macedon: Attic Letter-Cutters of 300 to 229 B.C., Berkeley 2003.
Tuci 2019
P.A. Tuci, Spatial Mobility and Social Promotion in the World of Trade: Phanostenes and Chaerephilus, Two Case-Studies, Rationes Rerum 13 (2019), 159-196.
Veyne 1976
P. Veyne, Le pain et le cirque. Sociologie historique d’un pluralisme politique, Paris 1976.
Vlassopoulos 2007
K. Vlassopoulos, Free Spaces: Identity, Experience and Democracy in Classical Athens, CQ 57 (2007), 33-52.
Whitehead 1977
D. Whitehead, The Ideology of the Athenian Metic, Cambridge 1977.
Whitehead 2019
D. Whitehead, Xenophon. Poroi. Revenue-Sources, Oxford 2019.
Wijma 2014
S.M. Wijma, Embracing the Immigrant: The Participation of Metics in Athenian Polis Religion (5th-4th Century BC), Stuttgart 2014.
Wilamowitz-Möllendorff 1887
U. von Wilamowitz-Möllendorff, Demotika der Metoeken, Hermes 22 (1887), 107-128, 211-259.
Wilhelm 1912
A. Wilhelm, Prosopographische Bemerkungen, WS 34 (1912), 411-427.
Wilhelm 1974
A. Wilhelm, Akademieschriften zur griechischen Inschriftenkunde (1895-1951), Leipzig 1974.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7358/erga-2025-002-buli
Copyright (©) 2026 Ilaria Bultrighini – Editorial format and Graphical layout: copyright (©) LED Edizioni Universitarie
This work is published on this website under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Announcements
Erga/Logoi accepts books for review
The books are to be sent to the Executive Editor
Call for papers Vol. 16 (2028)
Authors have to read through the Information for Authors and the Author guidelines carefully before beginning the submission process.
Erga-Logoi. Rivista di storia, letteratura, diritto e culture dell'antichità
Registered by Tribunale di Milano (20/09/2012 n. 353)
Online ISSN 2282-3212 - Print ISSN 2280-9678
Direttore responsabile: Cinzia Bearzot
Editors-in-Chief: Cinzia Bearzot, Paolo A. Tuci
Editorial Staff: Marcello Bertoli - Livia De Martinis - Laura Loddo - Alessandra Valentini
Editorial Board: Gaetano Arena - Christopher A. Baron - Ralf Behrwald - Margherita Cassia - Paolo Cesaretti - Michele Faraguna - Massimo Gioseffi - Dominique Lenfant - Lauretta Maganzani - Roberto Nicolai - Giovanni Parmeggiani - Marina Polito - Umberto Roberto - Francesca Rohr - Marco Sannazaro - Stefan Schorn - Sławomir Sprawski - Paolo A. Tuci - Gianpaolo Urso - José Vela Tejada
Emeritus Editorial Board: Serena Bianchetti - Giovannella Cresci - Lia Raffaella Cresci - Ugo Fantasia - Franca Landucci - Rosalia Marino - Riccardo Vattuone - Robert Wallace
© 2001-2026 LED Edizioni Universitarie di Lettere Economia Diritto